The Metrics Used to Measure TV and Online Are Vastly Different
By Steve Hasker, Global President
As we reflect on the 2015 upfront and NewFront season, there is no shortage of industry observers willing to make the call on how advertisers should allocate their investments across traditional TV and new digital platforms.
Key to these significant investment decisions is understanding where and to what extent audiences are watching TV and digital video. Unfortunately, the metrics commonly used to compare TV and digital viewing are vastly different and often misunderstood. This results in reports, in publications ranging from The Verge to The New York Times, that digital video programming has a greater audience than a TV program because the total digital views are greater than the number of TV viewers, based on ratings reported by Nielsen.
In TV, the standard measurement unit for viewership is the average-minute audience — how many viewers there are in an average minute of content. In the digital space, on the other hand, video measurement is commonly expressed as the gross number of times the video is viewed, even if only for one minute or one second. These two metrics are quite different, and comparing one to the other unfairly tilts the comparison against TV.
We are addressing this industry challenge with our Total Audience measurement solution, which will deliver ratings based on like-to-like metric across TV and digital. Nielsen will have most of the pieces of Total Audience measurement in place by the end of the year.
Let’s consider two examples: ABC’s “Jimmy Kimmel Live,” and the 2014 World Cup shown on ESPN.
In May 2015, “Jimmy Kimmel Live” had an average audience of 2.2 million adults. The 23 “featured” videos on the “Jimmy Kimmel Live” YouTube channel averaged about 9 million views, and very popular ones got more than 25 million views. These numbers appear to show that the YouTube audience is much larger than the TV audience.
However, the total TV audience as we measure it is not actually 2.2 million – that’s just the audience that tuned in during any given minute of the program. The average May telecast attracted 5.3 million adults, meaning that in the average week, the program was watched by 16.6 million adults; and over the month, the reach of the program was 43.1 million adults. Nearly one out of five American adults tuned into the program for that one month, and that’s the total TV audience of “Jimmy Kimmel Live.”
In every assessment of TV and digital audiences, we need to use comparable metrics — but we can’t compare YouTube views to the TV average-minute audience.
In our second example, the 2014 World Cup on ESPN had an average-minute TV audience of 4.6 million persons, and received 115.5 million digital views. But 4.6 million for TV and 115.5 million for digital is the wrong comparison — if we translate digital viewership into a TV metric, the average-minute digital audience of the World Cup on ESPN was 307,000, representing just 7% lift of the TV audience.
Digital viewing should be included in video measurement as soon as possible, as there is no question that it is growing and has become part of everyday video consumption. This will require continued collaboration between Nielsen and our clients, and will also require publishers and advertisers to come to a joint decision to include digital viewing in the ratings. For our part, when we reference TV audience, we will make it clear when we are using an average-minute metric.
Both TV networks and digital-only video publishers need to use fair comparisons when talking to advertisers. Underlying this, we need independent third-party measurement for non-traditional video channels that is comparable to what we provide for TV.
As we roll out the pieces of Total Audience measurement, buyers and sellers will need to weigh in and help finalize their definitions to determine which metrics to trade on. In the meantime, buyers and sellers should beware.
This article originally appeared on adage.com.
